Mongolia - Additional information

Development in Mongolia
Although Mongolia is developing quickly, it still lacks the international standards of civil infrastructure and tourist facilities. Concepts of personal responsibility are also different to those in Australia. Consequently, tourist and public facilities may not uphold the same safety standards as in Australia; for example, you may see a hole in the road without a warning sign or safety barricade.
All of our suppliers meet local safety standards as a minimum. We want you to have an enjoyable holiday so we ask that you take extra care, use your common sense, refer to notices and follow advice from your National Escort or Local Guides. Our partners in Mongolia use their local knowledge to design our itineraries to provide the best-paced sightseeing possible. However, we ask that you keep in mind that public holidays, road construction and weather conditions can create traffic congestion or interfere with the itinerary set out here. Your National Escort will do their utmost to avoid problems but cannot guarantee against delays, changes or – in rare cases – cancellations of sections of your itinerary.
Mongolia continues to amaze, fascinate and thrill tourists, many of whom have travelled to more and more areas of this wonderful region, year after year. We urge you to keep in mind all the rewards, as well as the challenges, of travelling in a developing country. Almost everything will be different to what you may be used to. A typical day of sightseeing may include breathtaking views, long hours of driving, the hospitality of the traditional nomadic Ger and a more basic level of accommodation.
Travelling in Mongolia requires patience, a sense of humour and an adventurous attitude towards exploring a country that is unspoilt, remote and endlessly fascinating. There is a low level of English spoken throughout Mongolia so the Local Guides or National Escort will be indispensable during your trip.

 

Climate
We recommend you check weather conditions before you depart. The region generally has a dry and hot climate. Freak weather conditions could result in delays, changes or in rare cases, cancellations to sections of your itinerary. 
Mongolia is a country located in East and Central Asia, bordered by Russia and China. Mongolia has a continental climate, characterized by long, cold winters and short, mild summers. In the winter months, temperatures can drop as low as -45°C in some areas, while in the summer months (June-August), temperatures typically range between 20-30°C but can reach 40°C in the Gobi Desert. Mongolia's average annual temperature is therefore barely above freezing!
Mongolia also experiences large temperature variations between day and night, with temperatures sometimes dropping to freezing at night even in the summer. The climate in Mongolia is also influenced by its mountainous terrain, with higher elevations experiencing colder temperatures and more precipitation. 

 

Suggested Packing List
We recommend that you check the weather forecast prior to your departure so that you can pack accordingly. Generally, casual clothes are recommended. Loose-fitting, lightweight cotton materials are the most comfortable for humid weather, while layers of warmer clothes are advised for cooler evenings. A waterproof jacket is suggested. The dress code throughout the tour is casual; however, it is important that all passengers dress conservatively. 

Appropriate Dress
When visiting religious sites, women should dress in conservative, non-revealing clothing - trousers or skirts well below the knee with a top that covers the shoulders and upper arms. Women might also consider carrying a ‘modesty shawl’ in their daypack – this could be a sarong or light scarf – which they can wear over their shoulders and heads to feel more comfortable whilst sightseeing. We recommend shoes that easily slip on and off, and carry a pair of thick, old socks in your daypack, which you can wear to protect your feet from any rough or hot surfaces.

• Your travel documents and passport, including a photocopy of your passport in case it is lost or stolen while you are abroad. Keep one photocopy at home and take another photocopy on your trip with you.
• Main luggage & luggage padlocks
• Light bag/ hand luggage - it will be useful to take this with you during any time spent in the countryside.
• ‘Day bag’ - a smaller bag to carry with you during the day, both while driving and sightseeing. E.g., drinking water, hat, sunscreen, toilet paper, insect repellent, camera and spare batteries, jacket.
• Money belt to carry passport, cash, credit cards, airline tickets, etc.
• Trousers or long skirts for women – please remember to respect local customs (knee length is recommended).
• Shirts or long-sleeved tops of light cotton material
• Walking shoes and socks – it is important to have sturdy and comfortable shoes for hikes and long walks sightseeing every day.
• Sun protection – hat, sunscreen, and lip balm
• Personal medical kit including insect repellent - visit Travel Health
• Any medications in original packaging and a doctor's slip for prescribed medication
• Antibacterial wipes and/or hand sanitiser to clean hands before eating
• A water/windproof jacket
• Light jumpers/thermals are great for layering, including gloves and a scarf
• Universal adaptor/conversion plugs
• Chargers, cables and portable power bank.
• Scarf or bandana – useful to protect your face against dusty winds at high altitude
• Spare glasses – it is difficult to get any prescription lenses repaired or replaced in Mongolia
• Toiletries (soap, shampoo, lotion) for personal use
• Toilet paper or tissues – not all public toilets will provide toilet paper
• Snacks – tea bags/coffee, milk powder or sachets, instant soups or noodles, or anything else you can’t live without!
• Camera and memory card

Luggage Allowance
All passengers are limited to two items of luggage each:

One suitcase or backpack, with a maximum weight of 15kg. Your main luggage must have a lock on it, and you must be able to carry your own bags.
One piece of hand luggage, with a maximum weight of 5kg.

It is advisable that your hand luggage consist of a ‘daypack’ – a small bag which you can access during the day and carry items like your camera, bottled water, toilet paper, hat, etc.

 

Food, Drinks & Dietary Requirements
Mongolian cuisine is an integral part of the country's culture and reflects the unique nomadic lifestyle of the Mongolian people. The cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, hearty flavor, and the use of locally available ingredients. One of the most iconic dishes in Mongolian cuisine is "buuz," which is a type of steamed dumpling filled with minced meat and vegetables. Buuz is often served during special occasions and celebrations and is a staple food for Mongolian families. Another popular dish is "khuushuur," which is a type of fried pastry that is also filled with minced meat and vegetables. Khuushuur is a popular street food and is often enjoyed with a cup of Mongolian milk tea. Mongolian milk tea is a traditional beverage that is served with nearly every meal. It is made with black tea leaves, salt, and milk, giving it a unique and savory flavor that is both refreshing and satisfying. 

Overall, Mongolian cuisine is a reflection of the country's rugged and beautiful landscape, its nomadic traditions, and the resourcefulness of its people. Whether you're sampling traditional dishes like buuz and khuushuur or trying something new, the cuisine of Mongolia is sure to offer a unique and unforgettable culinary experience. 

Tap Water 
In Mongolia, the tap water does not live up to Western standards and it is not safe to drink. It is strongly recommended to only drink bottled water in Mongolia, especially in more rural areas.

Food allergies & dietary preferences 
Any food allergies or dietary requirements must be specified at the time of booking and you should mention it again to the National Escort/Local Guides when you meet them. Although taken seriously, food allergies are much less common, and therefore less understood in Mongolia. Therefore, you are likely to need to explain quite clearly what you cannot eat.

People on restricted diets or vegetarian diets can be catered for on a limited basis with foods such as noodles, rice and steamed vegetables. Please be aware that restaurants may not always be able to accommodate these. It cannot be guaranteed that there will be no cross-contamination for travellers with severe allergies, and suggest you remind each restaurant of your requirements. Gluten-free food may not be as readily available as in Australia.  

Whilst travelling away from major cities, it is highly recommended that passengers with food intolerances take additional food items, as not all dietary requests will be met due to the limited foods available. 

 

Safety and security
Mongolia is generally considered a safe country to visit. The crime rate is relatively low, and violent crime is rare. However, as with any country, there are some risks that travellers should be aware of. There is a risk of petty crime such as pickpocketing and theft, especially in crowded tourist areas. Visitors are advised to take normal safety precautions to avoid becoming a victim of such crimes. Please keep in mind that cash or wallets in pockets, obvious jewellery and swinging handbags may attract unwanted attention. Make sure your valuables and cash are secure and inconspicuous. 
Do not leave any valuables unattended in your hotel room. There are safe deposit boxes available at Reception to lock valuables away as most hotels will not have in-room safes. Bring a lock for your main luggage. While sightseeing or travelling between cities, you must carry these valuables with you. 
Take care as a pedestrian. Drivers don't always give way, even at marked pedestrian crossings.

 

Travel Health
Visit a doctor before travelling. 
We strongly recommend that you see a doctor for the latest health advice at least six weeks prior to your holiday to allow time for any necessary vaccinations etc. The Travel Health Service recommends to have a vaccination against hepatitis A, and in some regions of Mongolia hepatitis B. Other vaccinations may be needed. For up to date travel health advice, please check www.travelvax.com.au before departure and always seek your doctor’s advice. Remember to take your itinerary with you to the appointment.  

Altitude 
This country has either areas with high altitude (2,400m or more) or/and areas with very high altitude (3658m or more). Please consult your doctor to ensure you are physically able to undertake these levels of altitude.  AMS (Acute Mountain Sickness) occurs in some people of varying ages and fitness levels when they travel to altitudes over 3,000m. Symptoms include dizziness, fatigue, nausea or loss of appetite, breathlessness or headache. These usually develop over the first 36 hours at altitude and not immediately on arrival. Usually the symptoms will subside after a day, however; if symptoms worsen you should seek medical advice and descend in altitude immediately. It is recommended to drink more water, non-alcoholic and non-caffeinated drinks and avoid exertion after arriving over 3,000m. 

Drinking Water
In Mongolia, the quality of tap water does not meet safe drinking standards, and it is recommended to only use bottled water or boil tap water before consumption. Travelers are advised to take precautions to avoid waterborne illnesses and to stay hydrated in Mongolia's dry climate. 

Toilets 
Toilets in hotel rooms will be western-style and probably electronic. There are many toilets in restaurants, bars, hotels and stores. There are also plenty of public toilets. Most public toilets are often squat toilets. We suggest you carry tissues with you, as public facilities may not always supply toilet paper.  

Personal Medical Kit 
We strongly recommend taking all pharmaceutical products that you may require with you on your tour. Do not rely on being able to purchase these during your holiday. While there are pharmacies throughout Mongolia, foreign prescriptions cannot be filled, and non-prescription medicines will be different from the Western brands you are used to. It is also unlikely that the staff will speak English. Consider taking a ‘personal medical kit’ containing any medication or medical equipment you may need during your time in Mongolia: 

All prescribed medication (in original packaging and with a cover note from your doctor) 

• Headache tablets
• Anti-diarrhoea tablets 
• Cold and flu tablets 
• Travel sickness tablets 
• Lozenges 
• Insect repellent and sunscreen 
• Antibacterial hand wipes and/or hand wash 
• Spare pair of glasses/contact lenses 
• Small first-aid kit 

Restricted and Prohibited Medicines 

The use or possession of some common prescription and over-the-counter medicines may be banned in Mongolia. Customs officials may not be sympathetic if you claim ignorance. If in any doubt, check with the nearest Embassy or Consulate before you travel. 
We strongly urge travellers to carry a copy of your prescription or a letter from your doctor stating: 

• What the medication is 
• Why you require the medication 
• The dosage amount 
• That it's for personal use 

 

Currency & Spending Money
Information on currency, exchanging money, spending money and usage of credit/debit cards in Mongolia
The official currency of Mongolia is the Mongolian Tugrik (MNT). Each Tugrik consists of 100 mongos. Paper money comes in denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, and 20,000 Tugrik. It is recommended to exchange money at official exchange offices or banks in Mongolia to avoid counterfeit currency.
We recommend that you have access to more than one source of money – bringing a combination of cash and a credit/debit card will give the most security and flexibility while travelling. 

Exchanging money 
US Dollars and Australian Dollars can be exchanged at Ulaanbaatar Airport, local banks, money changers and in some hotels, provided the Australian or US currency is new and undamaged. ATMs are widely available in larger cities. We suggest withdrawing/exchanging your money in larger cities as facilities can be limited when travelling to smaller towns.  

Spending money 
Please ensure you have sufficient funds to pay for personal expenses such as drinks and snacks not included in the tour price. There are also plenty of opportunities to pick up some lovely souvenirs, so you might like to budget for this. On a two-week tour, we would recommend approximately AU$ 1,000 per person spending money, although this depends greatly on your individual needs. 
The cost of food and drinks in Mongolia can vary depending on where you are and what you are looking for. Here are some rough estimates of the cost of common food and drink items in Mongolia:

Buuz (steamed dumplings): MNT 2,500 / AU $1.10 per serving
Khuushuur (deep-fried meat pastry): MNT 3,000 / AU $1.35 per piece
Khorkhog (Mongolian barbecue): MNT 15,000 / AU $7.00 per portion
Boodog (roasted goat or marmot in a hot stone): MNT 23,000 / AU $11.50 per serving
Airag (fermented mare's milk): MNT 1,500 / AU $0.75 per glass
Suutei tsai (Mongolian milk tea): MNT 750 / AU $0.35 per cup
Aaruul (dried curds): MNT 1,500 / AU $0.75 per bag

It's important to note that prices can vary depending on the location and type of establishment. In general, eating at a local restaurant or street vendor will be more affordable than dining at a higher-end restaurant or café.

Plan ahead 
Be prepared with enough cash in hand. Once you have started your tour, you will quickly get a sense of how often or how much you need to exchange/withdraw money. Try not to leave this to the last minute: exchange desks can close, ATMs can run out of cash and your group could be scheduled to leave your hotel at 7 am the next morning! Outside of major cities, banking also becomes less reliable. 
If you do need to use an ATM, it is recommended to use an official bank ATM. Try to withdraw as few times as possible because overseas withdrawal fees can be very high. Check with your bank before departing Australia.

Credit/debit card
Taking one credit/debit card is recommended in case of emergency and may be used for large purchases in most hotels, department stores and souvenir stores. The most widely accepted credit cards include Visa, MasterCard and American Express. However, please do not rely on a credit/debit card as your only source of spending money and keep a photocopy of your card(s).
We always recommend that you have access to more than one source of money – bringing a combination of cash and a credit/debit card will give the most security and flexibility while travelling.

 

Electricity
In Mongolia, the standard voltage is 220 volts and the frequency is 50 or 60Hz (depending on location). The power sockets in Mongolia are Type C and Type E sockets, which are also used in some European countries. A power adaptor is needed for Type C and Type E. Type C sockets have two round pins and Type E sockets have two round pins with a grounding pin. It is important to check the voltage and socket type before traveling to Mongolia to ensure that your electrical devices are compatible and that you have the necessary adapters or converters. 

 

Mobile phone use and the internet
Using a cell phone in Mongolia:
Mobile phone signal is quite good in Mongolia, although coverage may be patchy in the remotest areas. The main carriers are Mobicom, Skytel, Unitel, and G-Mobile. Mobicom and Unitel operate on GSM (Global System for Mobile communication). G-Mobile and Skytel are both on the CDMA network. 
For international tourists who will only be staying in Mongolia for a short period, we recommend that you purchase a tourist SIM card. This is definitely the cheapest way to use your phone to access the web and make local calls, and fees for international calls are generally pretty low. 

Accessing the Internet While Traveling in Mongolia
Free Wi-Fi internet is available in all hotels and some restaurants in Ulaanbaatar. A few Ger camps and local hotels offer free WiFi during your countryside trip, but if you already have a local SIM card installed in your cell phone, then you will be able to connect to Mongolia’s 4G mobile network and access the internet on the go. The 4G network covers most areas in Mongolia. 

 

Travel Insurance
It is mandatory for travellers to have comprehensive travel insurance; please ensure you have provided Sisterhood Womens Travel with a copy of your policy including 24/7 Emergency Contact Number.

 

WhatsApp Group
Please make sure you download WhatsApp onto your phone prior to departure.  This App will be your communication tool whilst on tour and your tour hostess will contact you prior to departure to set you up in your tour WhatsApp group.  It’s also a lovely way to share photos and remain in touch with friends upon your return.

 

Changes to Itinerary
We do our best to give Sisters an enjoyable, trouble-free tour experience but occasionally, even the best-laid plans can go awry. We cannot rule out any operational changes to the itinerary and ask that you maintain a positive, upbeat and flexible attitude and be supportive of your tour hostess if she has to implement any changes.

 

 

Updated: 10 June 2025